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Technical (Descriptive Topic Titles - Stay on Topic) => A7 & A10 Engine => Topic started by: shabashow on 15.04. 2009 13:12

Title: Con Rod Bolt Torque settings
Post by: shabashow on 15.04. 2009 13:12
Hi folks,

Does anyone know why there are two different torque values for the conrod bolts, 8.5 for earlier models and 22 ft lbs for later ones? The bolts would appear to be the same, for the small journal, at least, through the production run, apart from the earliest A7s.
Would there be any problem if a bolt in an earler engine was torqued up to 22 instead of 8.5?
The reason I'm asking is I've fitten new -40 shells, and when fitted, the ends were a thou or two proud of the con rod and cap, so there is a gap between the cap and the con rod, when loose fitted. I was told that these will squash down when the bolts are properly torqued up. The gap wasn't taken up at a torque of 8.5, and didn't close up until a torque of about 12 ft lbs was reached.
Common sense would tell me that if the same bolt can take the 22 lb ft torque, there should be no problems with a lesser setting. There's no up and down play, and the rods rotate easily around the crank.
Any thoughts or comments before I close up the crankcases?

John
Title: Re: Con Rod Bolt Torque settings
Post by: RichardL on 15.04. 2009 14:09
I think it might be normal for the bearing to sit proud of the cap landings when laid in by hand, then, take better to the inside diameter of the big end when slightly tightened. If it stays proud of the end, that sounds either like the landings have been dressed without change in big-end diameter or faulty bearings. I don't think we are supposed to depend on bearing ends shmushing together to fit properly. Having said this, I hope others (probably, most) with more experience will chime in and confirm my thinking or correct me if I have mistated.

One thing, however, proceed with extreme caution if you are thinking of honing out the inside diameter of the big ends (maybe, just "don't"). I have a miserable story of one shop's attempt to do this, which ended in them having to provide me with new rods for free (upside: they were billet beauties, but after a lot of grief).

Richard L.
Title: Re: Con Rod Bolt Torque settings
Post by: shabashow on 15.04. 2009 15:13
Richard,
the ends of the rods haven't been honed. The old shells were a nice snug fit, no protrusion past the landing. Unfortunatly, they were gubbed after one of my little ends broke into a million pieces.
I took my rods and new shells to my local engineering firm (Engine Resource in Dundee) and was advised under no circumstances hone or file down the proud edges.
The caps nipped together fine in the end, but the torque is a wee bit higher than the recommended 8.5 ft lbs. Like I said in my previous post, later engines with exactly the same crank/rods/bolts torque up to 22 ft lbs.
What I need is confirmation that my engine won't throw a rod if the bolt is torqued up at 12 ft lbs, rather than 8.5 or 22 ft lbs.
John
Title: Re: Con Rod Bolt Torque settings
Post by: RichardL on 15.04. 2009 15:20
Like I said, "...people with more experience...," very possibly, yourself. In case you haven't already done so, you might try doing a search from our home page with the words, "con rod torque" (without the quotes). This will show you numerous forum threads on this topic.

I agree with not honing down the proud edges because, I think, the bearings don't truly take to the inside diameter until forced to do so by tightening of bolts.

Richard L.
Title: Re: Con Rod Bolt Torque settings
Post by: BSA_54A10 on 15.04. 2009 15:38
Did you et the rods "shut & cut" before you replaced the slippers ?
The rods can & do go oval so naturally will take more torque to get proper crush on the slippers
Title: Re: Con Rod Bolt Torque settings
Post by: shabashow on 15.04. 2009 16:07
No Trevor, I just refitted them as is, with new shells. As said previously, the previous shells, also -0.040 fitted in flush. Could be just a different manufacturer.
John
Title: Re: Con Rod Bolt Torque settings
Post by: trevinoz on 15.04. 2009 22:47
John, the torque setting was changed when the thread form was changed. BSF to Cycle or vise versa, I would have to look at the bolts to confirm.
  Trev.
Title: Re: Con Rod Bolt Torque settings
Post by: shabashow on 16.04. 2009 14:50
They're new, modern bolts, so can it be assumed that the appropriate torque will be 22? My engineer at Engine Resource is of the opinion that 8.5 ft lbs is very low, and has suggested going to the 22 ft lb level. He's rebuilt more engines that I've had hot dinners, and would value his experience and judgement highly. He suggested to try 22 lbs and plasigague it, which I will tonight. 'll aslo measure up for ovality. If the bearings are tight, or the rod doesn't rotate and binds, there will be some engineering work needed on either my rods, the shells, or both.
Thanks for the pointer to the threads.
John
Title: Re: Con Rod Bolt Torque settings
Post by: RichardL on 16.04. 2009 16:08
It's somewhat of s sticky area, with respect to ovality. One plastigage 90 degrees from the rod split will tell nothing about ovality. I haven't tried placIng one near the split, but I think the near-tangential contact with the journal would tend to smear the plastigage, either in tightening or in removal.  You could clamp the bearing into the loose rods, using the appropriate torque (I think 22 ft. lbs. is correct, and I've used it, though I'm worried about sticking my neck out with such recommendations)  and use an internal micrometer to measure in line with the rod and, say, 80 degrees off from that.

Then, the whole other question comes from those who say to replace all used rod bolts.  Should we consider our rod bolts used once they've been torqued, regardless of actual use? I think it's a fine line and those, or someone, promoting such replacement may chime in.  I have been told that such "every time" replacement may apply to race engines, but easy-runners are far less likely to fail. Of course, one can use the used bolts for trial fittings, saving the new ones for the fnal fit (probably a good idea.)

Richard L.
Title: Re: Con Rod Bolt Torque settings
Post by: shabashow on 20.04. 2009 19:33
Worked on it Saturday and finally concluded that I needed more expert help after mashing up one of the castleated nuts. Took the crank and rod into Engine Resources this morning - got it back this afternoon, all torqued up with the self locking variety of nut. The prognosis - the rod was about 2 thou oval, so every time I went to fully torque it, the shells were squeezed too tightly onto the crank and wouldn't spin freely.
Thanks for all your comments and advice.
Off to fit it into the cases now,
John
Title: Re: Con Rod Bolt Torque settings - Unfinished Business
Post by: RichardL on 23.01. 2021 17:27
I'm posting in this topic because it appears to be the most "on-topic" per the subject.

I've added "Unfinished Business" to the subject line because it appears that there is yet to be a definitive answer regarding torque value for small-journal rods with 26 TPI bolts. Two numbers come up, 8.5 and 22 ft-lb, with no opinions about the in-between ground (that I recall seeing). The paltry 8.5 number just seems, uuuh, paltry.   Then, 22, as indicated for post-'56, seems like a nice strong grip, but is it too much for a small-journal A7?  Obviously, this is my first foray with small-journal rods. When I first did the A10, which had the original large-journal rods, I used 22, so, I'm hoping there is someone who can tell me what torque they used for small journals and 26 TPI bolts.

Whichever value I end up using, I plan to do a test fit while mic'ing the bolt length when slack and tight, then, confirming it returns to the slack length when loosened. This should confirm that the bolt is still in the elastic deformation range for the value I've chosen. Thank you, in advance, for recommending new rod bolts. I haven't settled yet on whether I believe it's necessary. A posted picture of a blasted crankcase due to bolt failure in an engine not raced by Muskrat might aid my decision.

Richard  L.
Title: Re: Con Rod Bolt Torque settings
Post by: Swarfcut on 23.01. 2021 18:13
Richard. I for one am glad you raised this subject.

   The early alloy rods use a small hex castle nut with a wider base, washer and split pin. Later nuts have a built in locking function which works by having an almost sprung couple of threads digging into the bolt thread, probably a patent exists for this type of nut.

    My reckoning is that extra effort is required to deform the nut and thread, and in practice this is represented by the increase in torque setting required. Whether this represents extra tension in the shank of the bolt is a matter for more learned theorists. As usual no definite details of the nuts used are mentioned in Roy Bacon's book.

 New bolts would be my choice for the bolts previously secured with these cut thread nuts. I would also discard the nuts, as no guarantee of security on second use. For castellated original nuts, old bolts and new castellated nuts would be fine for my style of gentle riding.

 Swarfy.
Title: Re: Con Rod Bolt Torque settings
Post by: berger on 23.01. 2021 18:38
Richard mine is small journal , the first time I built it up I used the old bolts and the split nuts and just got them as tight as I was happy with, loads of thrash later things were fine, after my starvation of oil problem -[ too long a story]  I rebuilt it with srm stretch bolts and think I gave them 32ftlbs--- lbsft or hows your father, loads of thrash later things are fine. if you are using stretch bolts you just need to measure what stretch it says but it would be unwise to undo them and re tighten them
Title: Re: Con Rod Bolt Torque settings
Post by: berger on 23.01. 2021 18:53
brain working better, they were arp bolts with the lubrication and I did them at 32 I think the proper number was 30 but I am a little devil ;D
Title: Re: Con Rod Bolt Torque settings
Post by: RichardL on 23.01. 2021 20:10
Good info. Sparing you the specifics of stretch by the thousandth, I can report that, on tightening to about 9 ft-lb, each of my rod bolts stretched a couple of thousandths and returned to its original length on release. To me, that's indication the bolts are good. My fairly decent click-type torque wrench doesn't go below 20 ft-lb, so I'm using the beam type, which I would call marginally accurate. (I'll calibrate it before final tightening.) By the way, I'm testing with used locking type nuts, not castellated and not binding on the locking portion.

Richard L.

Title: Re: Con Rod Bolt Torque settings
Post by: chaterlea25 on 23.01. 2021 23:10
Hi Richard and All,
I have a similar small rod Ariel Huntmaster engine to reassemble  once this Bl***y knee will let me stand for any length of time,
The conrods have the small nuts with built in washer, they are 26tpi
While convalescing I have been thinking on what torque to use on those bolts / nuts,
My thoughts are that the "8" is a misprint for 18  *????* which would be similar stretch on a BSF bolt (I think it was the long stroke engines had BSF bolts ????)
I think I am going to aim for 0.004in bolt stretch rather than any notional torque value  *????*
That is what I did with the last A10 engine using new ARP bolts after completing their stretch cycling

There was a very interesting group of posts some years ago about the torque value to use when fitting new alloy rods with ARP bolts, If torqued to ARP's values the alloy rods would distort and jam the big ends
I cannot remember the final outcome of that discussion  *????*

John


Title: Re: Con Rod Bolt Torque settings
Post by: RichardL on 24.01. 2021 00:16
John,

Maybe it was this discussion: https://www.a7a10.net/forum/index.php?topic=8093.msg56905#msg56905  (Apologies that it's me.)

In that thread, I was talking about 49 ft-lb called for with the M.A.P (really, Thunder Eng.) billet rods in my A10.

I like the idea of going to a uniform stretch length, but I think I'm going to test to see about what torque equates to 0.004, or thereabouts. I'm thinking a little less stretch might be right because the bolts are plain rather than having a couple of reduced-diameter zones.

Another touch of confusion is whether I would do it using my leftover ARP lubricant, or dry, except for Loctite. I had planned a drop of Loctite as belt-and-suspenders to the nut's thread-locking feature.   

Richard L.
Title: Re: Con Rod Bolt Torque settings
Post by: Brian on 24.01. 2021 00:36
It was me who had the thread about ARP bolts, some years ago now. Anyway I bought a set and they came with some ridiculous torque figure so I contacted ARP's technical department and we ended up with a figure of 28 ft/lb for alloy rods as fitted to our A10's.

Incidently I purchased the bolts from SRM and they wouldnt reply to my e-mails about them which was why I contacted ARP. Seems SRM is happy to sell stuff but not so keen on any sort of after sales service.


Title: Re: Con Rod Bolt Torque settings
Post by: RichardL on 24.01. 2021 01:35
We your rods stock alloy or billet?

 Maybe they didn't respond well to emails, but I've never failed to get throught to Gary or John when using the phone.

Richard L.

Title: Re: Con Rod Bolt Torque settings
Post by: Brian on 24.01. 2021 02:08
Stock alloy rods.

If you were using any sort of aftermarket rod then some research would be needed, the manufacturer should be able to supply that information.

Title: Re: Con Rod Bolt Torque settings
Post by: RichardL on 24.01. 2021 04:27
Mine are stock. I asked about yours because 28 ft-lb would be low for, say, Thunder rods. I guess you got ARP  bolts from SRM based on SRM having them made custom. I didn't see bolts for stock rods on the ARP site. Anyway, I've finished mounting the rods using a hair more than 15 ft-lb.

Richard L.
Title: Re: Con Rod Bolt Torque settings
Post by: JulianS on 24.01. 2021 10:25
An interesting paragraph from Chapter 30 of Roland Pikes autobiography concerning conrods;

http://beezagent.blogspot.com/2009/02/roland-pike-autobiography-chapter-30.html
Title: Re: Con Rod Bolt Torque settings
Post by: Seabee on 24.01. 2021 11:41
Thanks Julian! That was a great read. Can you imagine adjusting the valves at 7K RPM!
Title: Re: Con Rod Bolt Torque settings
Post by: Swarfcut on 24.01. 2021 14:09
Again, Thanks Julian. One of the names in that linked chapter was Gordon Smith. There was an engine reconditioner in Halesowen, West Midlands in the 1970's by that name, "Gordon Smith Engineering".  He enjoyed a fair wedge of my hard earned, but always gave value for money and knew the answer to many a conundrum. Bet it was the same fella.

 Swarfy.
Title: Re: Con Rod Bolt Torque settings
Post by: RichardL on 24.01. 2021 14:40
I read that several years ago but had forgotten about it. An interesting takeaway from that is the direction for clean and dry when getting to a torque-wrench setting (back then, dial indication, I suppose), but ARP provides lubricant so you can easily get to the bolt stretch length without regard to torque value.

Richard L. 
Title: Re: Con Rod Bolt Torque settings
Post by: chaterlea25 on 24.01. 2021 16:22
Hi All,
That's the thread I was thinking of  *smile*
Then I read one of my replies , Fkn  'ell  that was seven years ago  *eek*
and here I am in 2021 recovering from another operation  *roll*
Sad to report little or no progress since then on the RGS build either  *red*

Now that I have closed shop for customer work, once back on my feet I can concentrate on my own projects

John
Title: Re: Con Rod Bolt Torque settings
Post by: RichardL on 24.01. 2021 16:40
Now that I have closed shop for customer work, once back on my feet I can concentrate on my own projects

John,

Hoping for another chance to meet you on a Cannonball Run.

Richard L.
Title: Re: Con Rod Bolt Torque settings
Post by: chaterlea25 on 24.01. 2021 16:58
Hi Richard
I believe the two guys I did back up on the Cannonball for in 2018 are not going to enter again ??

John