If you look closely you will find dozens of numbers & letters stamped all over the place.
Back in the day, machining was done between stops or off a cam thus no two parts were ever machined identical ( tools wear, pick up on the tip, job gets hot etc, wtc, etc.
So when a part was "finished" it got checked using go - no go gauges.
the one that fitted best got it's number stamped onto the part.
So for your gearbox either 2 measurements were X or the XX gauge was the best fit.
Some cases were stamped on both 1/2s so they could be mated again after line boring.