Lippi,
Sorry to enter the discussion late, after you've seemingly settled on a fix. If this were mine, I would look hard at Swarfy's method with his additional suggestion of a plain insert (bush). It looks like there is already enough gap to fit one. If the bush has quite a thin wall, that would likely be OK, as it only has to stabilize the spindle as it passes through the leg. One thing I would change from Swarfy's thoughts would be to machine the large end enough to allow a washer as well as the nut. To me, creating the bush and turning down the large end of the spindle seems like less and easier machining than turning down and rethreading the spindle, then creating a thin-wall shoulder nut, not to mention internal and external left-hand threads (if left-hand was your intention).
Whatever method you choose, we will be most interested to see a bunch of photos of it.
Richard L